Marble is a kind of decorative stone. These stones have long been a symbol of beauty.
Marble is a type of metamorphic limestone with colorful minerals and Calcite is the main mineral of marble, which crystallizes and becomes larger during the metamorphic process.
Description:
Marble rocks are formed in the process of the metamorphism of limestone.
Marble forms when limestone is exposed to extreme heat and high pressure in the earth’s inner layers.
In the first place, this stone contains the minerals Calcite and usually contains other chemical compounds such as; Clay, mica, quartz, pyrite, iron oxides, and graphite.
This natural building stone also has minerals that make marble stones have a great variety of colors.
These minerals are:
Chlorites or silicates that form green.
The carbons that make up the gray color spectrum are white to black.
Hematite or manganese carbonate that causes red color.
And limonite, which produces a yellow and cream color.
During the metamorphic process of limestone, the
Calcite Mass in it crystallizes again to form a rock that has a mass of interconnected crystal crystals. Depending on the Transformation process and the type and formation of crystals, various rocks with different textures and shapes are formed in terms of fineness and coarseness.
Marble stones that have large crystals with white, light gray to cream colors are called crystallin stones.
Marble stones have also a higher density and abrasion resistance compared to travertine stones.
Marbles are also called calcite marble, magnetite marble, or dolomitic and dolomitic calcite marble, depending on the amount of magnesium carbonate.
This stone is available in light to dark colors due to the presence of impurities and colors such as red, cream, brown, pink, black, yellow, green, and so on.
Marble is found in colors not found in other natural stones. Due to the strength and durability of this type of stone and its unique beauty, architects and interior designers use this type of stone to make their executive designs look more luxurious.
Also, this stone has become a popular and expensive stone for use in buildings due to its polishing ability and having a smooth surface.
Before the metamorphic process, limestone is found in fossils as biological fossils and biological remains of living organisms. During the process, the calcite crystallizes again and changes the texture of the rock.
In the early stages of metamorphism and transformation of marble to onyx, the crystals in the rock are very few.
Over time and as the rate of the metamorphic process increases, the calcite crystals will become larger, so that the intertwined crystals of the stone are easily recognizable.
With the recrystallization of fossils and sedimentary structures, limestone becomes inseparable. This natural phenomenon marks the boundary between marble and onyx.
(At a glance, we can say that rocks that had been undergone little metamorphism have very few calcite crystals and are known as marble, and on the other hand, as the level of metamorphism progresses increases, the crystals become larger and form the onyx.)
Marble origins are spread around the world and here is ten of most famous origins of it:
Makrana marble mine,
A producer of white marble, it is one of the most famous marbles in the world, which is located in the Nagor region in Rajasthan province of the western part of India.
The island of Paros in Greece
Which has one of the richest marble resources, dating back to the Roman Empire.
Iran marble mines
A significant part of the marble mines is located in different parts of Iran such as Yazd, Kerman, Khorasan and etc.
PENTELIC MARBLE mine in Greece
This mine, is located in the Pentelicus Mountains near Attica, is one of Athens’ historic sites.
CREMA MARFIL mine in Alicante, in Spain
One of the most famous mines producing karma Marfil-type marble is located in Alicante, Spain.
Alanya mine in Turkey
Turkey is known as one of the main exporters of marble to the world consumer market. This country has rich marble mines, and the Alanya mine is known as one of the most valuable mines in the country due to its “Emperador Dark Marble” marble.
Carrara Marble Mine in Chile
Carrara marble, which is mined around Carrara Lake, and is one of the most famous types of marble. The lake is located on the border of Argentina and Chile. These mines are more than 6000 years old.
DANBY marble mine on DORSET mountain
The DANBY mine is the largest marble mine in the world. Founded in the 1850s, it was the first marble mine in the United States. One of the most famous marbles of this mine is “Imperial Danby” which is identified by gray or gold veins.
Application:
Marble is one of the stones that shows great resistance to heat. This rock is vulnerable to acid and changes its appearance when exposed to climate change. This stone weighs about 2560 kg per square meter and its compressive strength and reliability are higher than travertine and lower than granite. Because marble is calcareous, its water absorption is very high and therefore its use in places such as baths is not recommended.
To increase the strength of marble, glue and resin or epoxy are used on the back of the stone. In general, it can be said that marble stones do not have a very high resistance. Therefore, it is better not to use this stone in busy places, because it will wear out over time.
The most common use of marble is as flooring and interior stairs. But today, this stone is used as a slab stone to decorate walls and floors, for cabinets and kitchen counters…
Marble due to its especial color spectrum has this ability to give splendor to home decoration and due to its high strength and attractiveness, it is worth investing in the interior design of the building.
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